Lectio Divina (Genesis 18 1

Interpretation Based On Secondary Sources Abraham is a man who was patiently waiting for God’s promise. The promise of a son is given in genesis 12 and scholars indicate that he had to wait for 25 years before the promise was fulfilled by God. As argued by Brown, Fitzmyer and Murphy (21), the eighteenth chapter marks the beginning of a climax in Abraham’s narrative. Genesis 18: 1-5 is the first section of a broader picture presented in the whole of genesis 18. This first section focuses on Abraham and his encounter with two men while the rest of the chapter focuses Sara’s place in relation to the promise they had been given by God.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Lectio Divina (Genesis 18: 1- 5) specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although verses 1-5 of Genesis 18 seem to focus on Abraham’s generosity, they have a connection to the larger text. These verses seem to be mere introductions t o the bigger story beginning from verse 9 onwards (Montgomery, 15). However, on further reflection on the text, interpreting them merely as stage setting or introductory verses proves limited. The generosity expressed by Abraham is typical of the hospitality norm that pervaded Middle East societies (Montgomery, 15). Although it was cultural to be hospitable, Abraham seems to go overboard in his welcome. The lavish attitude towards strangers portrays a man who is keen on not just being culturally right but a blessing to others. Scholars suggest that this has some touch of the promise by God that he would be a blessing to the nations. The men are three which alludes to the trinity (Montgomery, 9). Whether they are all angels or God is represented in the person of one of them is not clear. What is more crucial to note is that Abraham and Sara do not initially connect the presence of the three men with the presence of God. It is only later that they are able to connect the words of the three men with God. This is a pointer to the larger theological fact that our encounter with God happens in the basic mundane things of daily living. It is in our daily events, activities and encounters that we experience or encounter God. In the context of the promise they had been given by God, they challenge Abraham and Sara faced was how to continue believing and holding to it in their rather ordinary lives (Montgomery, 13). Nothing out of the ordinary was happening yet in the ordinary they had to recognize and acknowledge God’s sustaining presence and unfailing promise. The final element worthy considering is the identity of the three men. It is only later that they are defined as angels (Brown, Fitzmyer and Murphy, 20). When Abraham sees them, they are ordinary men who in a way needed Abraham’s help. This is also a great pointer that others or fellow men are and should be God’s face to us and among us. Fellow men in essence can be rightly referred to as me ssengers of God. Personal Interpretation Following from my lectio divina exercise and the interpretation given above, it is clear that although the reading falls in the larger picture of the promise to Abraham and how it comes to be fulfilled, the Genesis 18: 1-5 has a lot to teach us about encounter with God. We live in a socio-cultural atmosphere that questions the presence and promises of God. Personally I think Abraham also had such like a struggle. God had promised him a child. God had promised him that he was to be the father of nations, a blessing to many nations. However, the reality he was living was that of ordinariness.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The passage states that he was sitting outside on a hot sunny day. This gives a picture of a very rough day. Many people would not find a hot sunny day comfortable. This statement must have an allusion to conditions o f living. It is an indicator to some rough conditions of life occasioned by the weather. This is an indicator that Abraham lived the ordinary conditions of living that were characterized by struggles and hardship. Abraham meets three ordinary men and treats them with reverence and honor. Although Abraham treats the men impeccably, this also was an ordinary happening based on generally accepted cultural norms. What is critical is the fact that it is from these ordinary happenings that Abraham experiences an encounter with God. It is, therefore, valid to infer that God comes and has always come to his people in the ordinary happenings or order of daily living. However, to experience and discern God’s presence, one needs a given disposition. The approach of Abraham to the ordinary is characterized respect, humility and honor. He approached the men and with his face touching down welcomed them. Such an approach is only possible or enabled by a given disposition. From the foregoin g analysis, it would appear valid to conclude that the major theme of Genesis 18: 1-5 is encountering the mystery of God’s presence in the ordinariness of our lives. Works Cited Brown Raymond Edward, Fitzmyer A. Joseph, Murphy, Roland, Edmund. The New Jerome biblical commentary. 3rd Ed. New York: Prentice Hall, 1999 Catholic Online Bible. New Jerusalem bible. Retrieved from https://www.catholic.org/bible/ Montgomery M. Robert. An introduction to source analysis of the Pentateuch. Montreal: Abingdon Press, 2008 This essay on Lectio Divina (Genesis 18: 1- 5) was written and submitted by user Saracen to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities

US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities Introduction Disability is a condition that may arise naturally or during a persons lifetime. Different forms of disability exist, that is, physical or mental. A person with disability experience difficulties, often reflected when trying to interact with others or when performing certain tasks. Therefore, to support their well-being, and involve them in the decision making process, rules that respect their rights and freedom is important[1]. They will allow them access equal opportunities like other normal persons in the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The UN has recognized the importance of the disabled person’s rights and freedoms and has come up with the UN convention on the Rights of People with disabilities, CRPD and has urged member states to ratify it. This is a significant step which w ill help a disabled person lead a positive life. The CRPD has provisions which promote, prevent and protect the right of the disabled against violations. Many countries have ratified the CRPD since its inauguration, however, the US being a champion in advocating for the rights of the disabled persons around the world has not yet ratified the convention. It is on this note that the writer outlines compelling reasons why the US needs to ratify CRPD convention. Discussion US Troops and People Working abroad The US is involved in countless wars around the world in present times. The government is sending more and more troops in foreign countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan to protect and restore peace.[2] I salute this noble undertaking by the government. However, in their line of duty, we have seen many being maimed and facing other life changing injuries. I therefore urge the US to ratify the CRPD because the convention will help improve the welfare of the disabled troops returning f rom combats and other US citizens living and working abroad. This will reflect the US values of hope, opportunities and fairness around the world. Promoting Dignity and Inclusion In his own words, John McCain shows that the CRPD is clear in promoting the dignity, inclusion and independence of disabled people while defending their rights regardless of their origin[3]. I recommend the US to approve this convention because I view that every person has the basic rights which should be promoted, protected and stressed by the state. Right to Life Under the natural law, every person has an equal right to life. This right need to be protected and enhanced to allow a person’s participate effectively in the society. The CRPD promotes this fundamental right by supporting the rights of the marginalized, the country’s servicemen and women, and strengthening the dignity of all disabled persons. I therefore believe the US should ratify the CRPD to allow the disabled persons fulfill t heir basic right to live under the natural law.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Complement the Americans Disabilities Act I urge the US to ratify the CRPD because it will complement the Americans Disabilities Act[4]. For a long time, the US has been relying on the Americans with Disabilities Act to champion for the rights and welfare of the disabled in the society. I believe by ratifying the CRPD, the US government will be complementing the Americans with disabilities Act by supporting equal access to opportunities and participation of all people with disabilities. US role in the World The US is vocal in championing for the rights of the disabled around the world. Its advocacy has not only been expressed in words, but, action as well. The US ideals are that the fundamental human rights should be upheld by all nations in the world. As a leader, I believe the US should lead b y example by ratifying this convention. This is because the convention will protect persons with disabilities and provide opportunities equal to others. Similarly, it will be a significant step in ensuring that all disabled persons are protected globally. Stigmatization The disabled persons are facing various challenges such as stigmatization. They are being denied their social, cultural, economic, political and civil rights.[5] I strongly believe that the CRPD will ensure the disabled person’s participation in education, politics and public life, employment and health is guaranteed. This is because the convention has an elaborate legal mechanism of preventing discrimination faced by these persons. A Warning to the World Various countries around the world have not taken bold steps in protecting the rights of the disabled.[6] Thus, they have strove to promote the practice of exclusion against them. I urge the US to ratify this convention because it will send a stern warning to countries where such practices persists[7]. Besides, it will inspire many states to ratify the convention thereby protecting the disabled persons worldwide. Not enforceable by US Courts Most US citizens fear the the US courts will enforce the CRPD or cause a change in the US laws. This is not the case, the Americans with Disabilities Act has already addressed this concern by granting disabled persons all the rights and freedom identified in the convention. Thus, the treaty will not require any changes in the US laws, besides, the convention will not require any cost in ratifying it. I therefore plead with US government to ratify this convention. Better Health Care Most disabled persons across the country face challenges when accessing health health care services. The fact that they have less financial resources make the matter even worse. Therefore, they are compelled to live with their frailty state.[8] The CRPD make it clear to the governments that they should ensure all persons with disability conditions access affordable health care whenever possible. I urge the US government to speed up and ratify this convention. The convention will make it easier for the disabled persons to access affordable health care and eventually improve their health.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on US Should Ratify the UN Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Address Major Concerns The US is experiencing disability concerns in sectors such as education, health care and housing. These concerns have been addressed in the convention. By ratifying the convention, the US will not encounter any concerns involving the disabled persons on aforementioned concerns. I therefore urge the US to counter these concerns by ratifying the CRPD. Appreciate Culture Diversity By being a multicultural country, the people with disabilities in the US comprises of different races, ethnicity , sexual orientation and age.[9] All these groups contribute to the cultural uniqueness of the US. Thus, I urge the US to ratify the CRPD because it will contribute to preserving the uniqueness of the country, besides, it will promote their rights. Conclusion The CRPD is a significant regulation that US should ratify. The convention will provide unlimited rights and freedoms to the disabled persons. Though the US has made significant strides in guaranteeing rights and freedom to disabled persons through Acts such as the American with Disabilities Act, most Americans remain poor, under-educated and under-employed. Lack of accessibility and equality among the disabled persons has been cited as the cause of these concerns. Thus, the US government should move with speed to ratify the CRPD. The convention will allow the disabled persons equal access to opportunities, guaranteed of their rights and get involved in the growth of the US. Similarly, by ratifying the treaty, the US will be fo stering the culture of inclusion, independence and fairness of opportunities among the disabled people. Bibliography Equality and Human Rights Commission. â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Creating a Fairer Britain. Web. McCain John. â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. Web. The White House. â€Å"Remarks By The President On Signing Of U.N. Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities Proclamation.† The White House. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More UN. â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Preamble. Web. Footnotes John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. John Mccain, â€Å"Bipartisan Group Of Senator’s Announce Support For Disability Treaty.† Press Releases. UN, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Preamble. The White House, â€Å"Remarks By The President On Signing Of U.N. Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities Proclamation,† The White House. UN, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Preamble. Equality and Human Rights Commission, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabi lities.† Creating a Fairer Britain. Equality and Human Rights Commission, â€Å"Convention On The Rights Of Persons With Disabilities.† Creating a Fairer Britain.

Finals Week Care Package

Finals Week Care Package Theres no doubt that cookie-filled care packages raise the spirits of homesick college students, but when exam time rolls around, stressed-out kids need healthier fare. As the parent of a young adult, you know they may be skipping meals or eating more than their share of pizza and guzzling caffeine when what they need is protein, complex carbohydrates and plenty of fruits and vegetables. Instead of shipping cookies, which send blood sugar soaring and then crashing back to earth, try filling that care package with a few of these instead. Healthy Care Packages Fresh organic fruit, such as apples and tangerines, from your garden, favorite market or a fruit delivery service like the Fruit Guys- theyre a San Francisco-based organic fruit delivery company, known for their workplace fruit deliveries. The DormSnack package includes 16 servings of organic fruit, delivered to any dorm ($49 and up).Spicy chipotle-glazed pecans or other energizing nut snacks.Beef jerky or hard salami.Tasty and satisfying whole-grain crackers, or peanut butter-filled crackers.A small jar of natural crunchy peanut butter and a box of graham crackers.Dried fruit such as apricots, cherries, apples, and more. Also, organic fruit snacks are easy to carry around and eat in a pinch.Instant hot cocoa mix, instant hot soup, instant oatmeal- anything healthy that can be made in a microwave is a good idea.A can of bean dip and a bag of chips.Microwave popcorn or popcorn kernels and plain brown lunch bags, which is cheaper and healthier and without the nasty chemicals or oozing fat: Drop a 1/4 cup of popcorn kernels in a paper bag, fold over the top a couple of times and microwave it for a minute and a half to two minutes. A Starbucks gift card.Biscotti, which offer sweet crunch without a lot of sugar.A mini-loaf of homemade chocolate chip pumpkin bread.Sugar-free throat lozenges, Vitamin C lozenges or Emergen-C packets, along with ibuprofen for sore necks from hunching over a laptop for hours at a time.A DIY set of adorable exam worry dolls that will do the worrying instead.An assortment of teas to calm and relax at the end of a stressful day of studying- chamomile, peppermint, and honey ginger are just a few of the more relaxing teas.A lavender-scented body lotion for the girls is one of the most relaxing scents and is often used during massages. A lavender-scented pillow is a great way to help students who are stressed and have a hard time sleeping- a few deep breaths and theyll be off to dreamland in no time.

Ostemyelitis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ostemyelitis - Research Paper Example entist defined this disease as â€Å"corruption of the bones†, in 1830 Gross used the term â€Å"necrosis†, Paster called this disease â€Å"carbuncle† in 1860 as he thought that the infectious agent of ordinary abscesses and bone infection was the same. In 1931 Nowicki called it â€Å"osteitis†as he was sure that this disease infect mainly the bone tissue and bone marrow involve only in suppuration. Finally Lannelongue firstly used the term ostemyelitis in 1879 as he thought that an infection starts primary from the bone marrow. The causation of osteomyeltitis remained unclear until Pasteur proved the existence of microorganisms in 1860 and showed that they can provoke this disease. The nature of the osteomyelitis was more deeply described using X-rays by Roentgen in 1896. Later on modern imaging procedures such as ultrasonography, isotope bone scan, MRI and computed tomography helped to fully understand the pathology and diagnosis of different stages of osteomyelitis. Also some predisposed factors were discovered such as malnutrition, debilitating diseases, immunological and genetic factors. Therefore, through a long historical period scientist describe pathology, diagnosis, treatment of the osteomyelitis. (Abulfotooh M. Eid,2003) Osteomyelitis usually caused by bacteria, but may be provoked by fungi or other germs. Different bacteria can cause osteomyelitis depends on age of the patients. Newborns at age of under 4 months are infected by Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter and group A and B Streptococcus species. Children at age 4 months -4 years can be infected by Haemophilus influenza, S. aureus, Enterobacter and group A Streptococcus strains. Osteomyelitis in adolescents and adults in 80% of cases caused by S. aureus. Osteomyelitis in children usually affects the long bones of the upper and lower extremities while adults have likelihood for development of the infection in the bones that forms the spine called vertebrates. In patients with sickle cell anemia the

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 31

Reflection - Essay Example Diversity also offers a rich mix of characters in a diversified community to promote interactions of people’s strengths and weakness in an organization. A multi-cultured community therefore has an advantage of effectiveness and efficiency in generating solutions to problems, especially if the differences are managed effectively. The interview also established that the benefits of diversity apply across different fields. The interview changed my thinking over superiority issues across diversity. I previously focused on major traits across cultures and believed that people’s potentials depend on their cultural orientations but the interview changed my thinking. I, however, know understand that each culture is rich in potentials and that diversity is not the basis to determining an individual’s ability. Learning of the advantage of integrating cultural features in a multi-cultured community for effectiveness has also informed me that diversity is important and organizations should promote it. I appreciate cultural differences and try to learn more about each culture because of my change in thinking. I interact with people from different culture, with honesty, and even try to incorporate their traits in my life and activities. My attention has therefore shifted to developing diverse relationships that I currently work on. The important information that I learnt about diversity, from the cultural immersion, is the role of diversity decision making. While different cultures have different approaches to decision making, each approach is not perfect but integration of positive elements from each culture improves decision-making process, leading to informed decisions. The knowledge has developed a new perspective in me and I will in future incorporate perspectives from different cultures while making decisions. I will identify individuals from each

Public Health Reflection on Care

Public Health Reflection on Care Title: Reflect upon an incident which occurred during your clinical placement as a student Public Health Nurse. The chosen incident is one where you met an elderly client with a leg ulcer who was not complying with the treatment prescribed from hospital. This essay is a reflective consideration of a case that had been encountered in clinical practice. For the purposes of illustrative discussion, I shall use the Gibbs model of reflection as a guide. (Gibbs, G 1988) Description: describe in c.400 words the experience. Client fell at home and fractured lower ankle. He neglected this and developed ulcer. He attended GP and completed 2 courses of antibiotics: referred to leg ulcer clinic in local hospital; diagnosis was ulcer with mixed arterial / venous disease. The client concerned will be anonymised and referred to as Mr.S in accordance with the NMC guidelines (NMC 2004). Mr.S is a 68 yr old man who lives alone having been widowed for 12 years. He is normally self caring but has been getting progressively more frail as time goes by. He fell at home and fractured his lower tibia. There was a suspicion that he has been drinking rather more than might be considered good for him and it is possible that this fall was after a bout of drinking. (Nicol M et al. 2004). Being generally very stoical, he initially ignored this but was forced to seek medical advice when the pain got too great. The fracture was treated with a plaster cylinder after reduction of the fracture but he subsequently developed a leg ulcer from direct pressure and friction from the cylinder which eventually attained a size of about 10 15 cms across and, despite being referred to the leg ulcer clinic and having regular visits from the community nurse who applied Aquacell AG , it refused to heal. (Harding K G et al. 2002) It was subsequently discovered that after the nurses had been to clean and dress the leg, Mr.S would take the dressings off and put iodine onto the wound which produced a marked allergic reaction. When challenged about this he said that he â€Å"didn’t hold with these newfangled ideas† and that he wanted to use a remedy that his grandmother had used with great success when she had developed a leg ulcer. Initially there was an impasse with the nurses wanting to use the dressings that had been prescribed by the hospital and Mr.S, although allowing them to be out on, would promptly disturb them and put the iodine directly onto the wound. The community nurses were asked to persist with the dressing regime and after a few weeks it became clear that the leg ulcer was making no progress at all. It was not healing, it was permanently infected and persistently sore with inflamed and macerated wound edges. (Donnelly A et al. 2000). There was considerable discussion in the primary healthcare team relating to Mr.S’s right to autonomy (Seedhouse D 1998) and whether it was right or not to continue to commit large amounts of resources to a clinical situation that was not only not healing but was actually being actively undermined and made worse by the patient. (Thomas J E et al. 1990). To an extent, it is not ethical to insist on, or to impose a treatment which the patient is (by word or action) objecting to. It is difficult to justify a course of therapeutic action, which may have the strongest of evidence bases, if the patient does not want it. (Hunt T 1994) The situation was compounded by the fact that Mr.S was not an easy patient to deal with as, since his wife died, he had become progressively more reclusive and he was clearly uneasy with other people coming into his house. The current course of treatment was clearly not successful and therefore a completely different approach needed to be tried. Feelings: how did client/you/others feel in this situation? How did you know this? The student was annoyed that the client was not complying with treatment and she knew the treatment he was applying was outdated and potentially harmful. Student is accountable to An Bord Altranais for their practice and must refer to evidence based practice. Student observed how the treatment applied by client had its place in the past and PHN made family aware that new dressings have silver content which has greatly improved results. Empowerment and advocacy were adopted. I found my feelings ran through an evolution of emotions and that the initial set of feelings were of annoyance, frustration and irritation that Mr.S could not see that the healthcare professionals were trying to help him. I initially saw him as a rude and aggressive gentleman who clearly did not want â€Å"interference† from the nurses and was content to live in comparative squalor. His persistence of the use of the iodine seemed to me to be mainly due to sheer perversity rather than any rational reasoning. (Osterberg L et al. 2005) I know that my original exchanges with him were very terse and aggressive, as I could not understand why he was persisting in using something which had no substantive evidence base and was clearly making the situation worse. My feelings changed to being less overtly annoyed as I came to realise that Mr.S was actually trying to use something that he had seen his grandmother use to heal her own leg ulcer and that there was a degree of reason beneath his obstinacy. My mentor took a different view and explained that empowerment and education (Howe J et al. 2003) was the way to achieve success with Mr.S and I watched as she firstly gained his confidence and then explained the reasoning behind the new Aquacell AG, she also explained that the iodine, far from helping healing was, in his particular case, preventing the leg ulcer from healing and that his situation was quite different from the situation of his grandmother‘s ulcer. (Miller, A. 1995). After about three sessions, it was noted that Mr.S had stopped interfering with the dressings and that the iodine was no longer being applied. As a result, the wound started to heal. As soon as he saw this, Mr.S became much more content to allow the nurses to continue with their work and actually became almost welcoming. (Faden, R R et al. 1986). At this stage, I found that my feelings changed to actually liking Mr.S and looking forward to each meeting. I also developed a great deal of respect for m y mentor and the other important realisation was a feeling of annoyance towards myself at my own initial inability to realise the motivation behind Mr.S’s actions. (Schon, D. 1997) Evaluation: what was good and bad about the situation? Mentor was able to develop relationship of trust with client. The bad elements of the situation was that the concept of empowerment and education (Howe J et al. 2003), was not embraced earlier in the treatment programme and that each treatment application was simply met by the acceptance that Mr.S was interfering with the dressings. There was the additional possibility that Mr.S was drinking more than was good for him and this element of the situation was overlooked with the prime focus being on the leg ulcer rather than making a holistic assessment of the whole situation. Equally bad was my inexperience-based lack of insight into the situation. On the good side, the fact that the mentor was able to â€Å"stand back† from the situation and make a dispassionate and empathetic assessment of the situation, construct an appropriate managements plan and then persuade Mr.S to comply with it to achieve a good clinical outcome, was a very positive step and a testament to the clinical experience of the mentor. Analysis: what sense can you make of the situation? what knowledge did or should have informed you? how does this connect with previous experiences? Reflection is necessary to enlighten a clinical situation. Element of compromise needed. Client centred approach required. Student PHN had experience of working as Community General Nurse. She found observing how the mentor dealt with the situation very enlightening. Discussion with clients family was beneficial. Analysis of the situation shows the potential gulf between the pursuit of evidence based medicine and the practical difficulties in actually applying it. It is all very well knowing that Aquacell AG releases ionic silver into the wound in a delayed and controlled release manner as the wound exudate is absorbed, thereby releasing more silver in the most contaminated wounds. ( Bowler P G, 2003). The fact that the dressing formulation itself is thought to protect the periwound skin and thereby aid in granulation formation is of theoretical importance. In cases of leg ulceration, the fact that the dressing conforms easily to the surface of the wound helps with occlusion and thereby maintains a moist healing environment (Jude E B et al. 2007) is clearly a substantial contribution to the evidence base in this area. The fact that dressing exerts a demonstrable antimicrobial activity for up to 7 days reduces the need for frequent dressing changes and therefore frequent wound disturbance (Jude E B et al. 2007) is of practical and clinical importance, but none of these factors are of any use at all if the patient does not understand or is willing to comply with the clinical therapeutic regime. In essence, this case illustrates the gulf between the knowledge that is assimilated in an isolated academic situation and the knowledge that is derived from experience in clinical situations. (Van Manen, M. 2007). It was my reflection on the situation that allowed me to appreciate the true value of my mentor’s experience and handling of the situation which was the critical factor in persuading Mr.S to understand both his predicament and the rationale behind the treatment that was being offered and this was the key to his eventual understanding and compliance. (Marinker M. 1997). It was clear that simply persisting with the situation was not going to achieve the desired effect and that a degree of compromise was needed. That compromise was achieved by viewing the situation from the patient’s viewpoint and then tailoring the clinical approach to an empathetic understanding of that perspective. In other words a client centred approach. (Platt, F W et al. 1999). The point about Mr.S’s drinking was no longer overlooked and discussions with his extended family confirmed the clinical suspicion. Pressure was exerted by the family to reduce the opportunities for his drinking and they increased the degree of social interaction (reduced his social isolation) which also had a beneficial effect (Wilkerson, S. A et al. 1996) Conclusion: how do you now feel about this experience? what else could you have done? has this changed my ways of knowing? I can say with confidence that reflection on this whole episode was a major learning experience for me. Not only did I witness and important lesson in patient management, but I was able to reflect on the evolution of my emotional approach to the situation. It showed me how my initial aggression and annoyance was not only completely misplaced, but that it was also completely counterproductive. As a conclusion, I have seen just how important it is to stand back from a difficult or deteriorating situation and make a completely dispassionate and holistic assessment of the patient and his clinical situation before trying to construct an appropriate management plan. A further conclusion must be that there is very little merit in simply knowing the evidence base surrounding a particular course of treatment if one lacks the experience or humanity to actually effectively put it into action. (Fawcett J 2005) Action Plan: if this arose again, what would you do differently? As I have already mentioned in the conclusion, it is because this episode was a major learning experience for me that I can say with confidence that, if a similar situation arose again, I would deal with it in a completely different way to the way which I handled this episode. I would not initially approach Mr.S with a feeling of aggression and annoyance as it proved not only to be counterproductive but it was also a barrier to my standing back and reviewing the situation. If Mr.S was clearly not complying with the treatment I would ask myself (and the patient) what were the reasons why compliance was a problem. Having ascertained the reasons, I would then construct an appropriate treatment or management plan which directly addressed this reason and contained a mechanism for directly confronting it. Empowerment and education have been demonstrated to me as very powerful tools in the quest for patient compliance and concordance. I would actively use these concepts to try to maximise t he effectiveness of the treatment and also to enhance the overall patient experience. (Hewison, A. 2004) References Bowler P G, 2003. Progression towards Healing: wound infection and the role of an advanced silver-containing dressing. Ostomy Wound Management 49 : (8) Suppl. 2 5 Donnelly A, Alistair M Emslie-Smith, Iain D Gardner, and Andrew D Morris (2000) ABC of arterial and venous disease : Vascular complications of diabetes BMJ, Apr 2000; 320 : 1062 1066. Faden, R R, Beauchamp, T L. (1986) A History and Theory of Informed Consent Oxford University Press New York. 1986 Fawcett J (2005) Contemporary Nursing Knowledge: Analysis and Evaluation of Nursing Models and Theories, 2nd Edition. Boston: Davis Co 2005 ISBN : 0-8036 1194 3 Gibbs, G (1988) Learning by doing: A guide to Teaching and Learning methods. EMU Oxford Brookes University, Oxford. 1988 Harding K G, Morris H L, Patel G K. (2002) Healing chronic wounds. BMJ 2002; 324 : 160 163 Hewison, A. (2004) Management for Nurses and Health Professionals : Theory into practice. Blackwell Science: Oxford. 2004 Howe J, Anderson M (2003) Involving patients in medical education. BMJ, Aug 2003 ; 327 : 326 328. Hunt T (1994) Ethical issues in Nursing. London : Routledge 1994 Jude E B, Apelqvist J, Spraul M, Martini J. (2007) Prospective randomised controlled study of Hydrofiber dressing containing ionic silver or calcium alginate dressings in non-ischaemic diabetic foot ulcers. Diabet Med. 2007; 24 : 280 288. Marinker M.(1997) From compliance to concordance: achieving shared goals in medicine taking. BMJ 1997; 314 : 747 – 8. Miller, A. (1995) The Relationship between Nursing Theory and Nursing Practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing 10, 417 424. Nicol M, Carol Bavin, Shelagh Bedford-Turner Patricia Cronin, Karen Rawlings-Anderson (2004) â€Å"Essential Nursing Skills† 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone, Mosby 2004 NMC (2004) Nurse Midwifery Council: Code of professional conduct: Standards for conduct, performance and Ethics (2004) London : Chatto Windus 2004 Osterberg L, Blaschke T (2005): Adherence to medication. N Engl J Med353 : 487 – 497, 2005 Platt, F W Gordon G H (1999) Field Guide to the Difficult Patient Interview 1999 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, pp 250 ISBN 0 7817 2044 3 London: Macmillian Press 1999 Schon, D. (1997) Educating the Reflective Practitioner. Jossey Bass, San Francisco. 1997 Seedhouse D (1998) Ethics; the heart of health care. London, John Wiley Sons 1998 Thomas J E Waulchow W J (1990) Well and Good : Case Studies in Biomedical ethics. Broadview Press 1990 Van Manen, M. (2007) Linking Ways of Knowing with Ways of being Practical. Curriculum Inquiry 6 (3), 205 228. Wilkerson, S. A., Loveland-Cherry, C. J. (1996). Johnson’s behavioral system model. In J. J. Fitzpatrick A.L. Whall (Eds.), Conceptual models of nursing: Analysis and application (3rd ed., pp. 89-109). Stamford, CT : Appleton Lange. 1996

Heights of Oppression

The hands maid tale is skillfully woven book that touches on plenty of issues. Though the book was written 1985, it has received present time praises that have increased its sales over the past few years. Serializing of the book on film also drew critics to it as it raised many touching issues; love, politics, religion, gender, language and sex among many other many other contemporary issues that still spark debates in the 21st century. We must acknowledge that the writer employed interesting writing styles to clearly depict the themes she wanted so as to achieve the rewards of a timeless masterpiece. Repetition to create emphasis was the main writing device. The recent buyers have had the motivation to acquire and read the book because each of them can at least find a sentimental issue to connect to from the book. My literature review will delve into on one theme from the book that will capture the attention of most of the readers because the society at large is by all means connected to it.I chose the theme of oppression because there a many people that will connect to this due to its diversity. In this theme are many other sub themes that can be expounded on; social oppression, religious oppression, economic oppression, gender oppression among many other forms. This paper is to make the audience aware of pressing issue and around them and motivate them to act to emancipate themselves. I will gauge the effect of my work according to how I will captivate my audience. The connection that my desired audience will feel towards my review will prove the sweat I put in it to. I will use online reviews to build my case and scholarly articles prove my point. Relevant examples with connection to the issues around us will be elaborated in the discussion part of the research. First I will elaborate and give a general meaning to the theme then state the specific types of oppression I will be touching on depending on how the book has presented it in its characters and stage setting. The scholarly references and online reviews will be stated and I will use my own arguments; that I will mainly draw from my culture to explain how my society perceives the matter and their notions or decisions they have on it. Where possible, I will be stating the origin of the notions and what they eventually lead to; either more oppression or redemption. My introduction will begin with the statement problem as depicted in the book. That will be followed by the research materials and research methods I used to expound on my themes. Finally, I will explain the main reason behind my writing and how it will help the readers connect to the real time issues. When looking for online reviews, ones made by literature professors would be most preferable. When selecting scholarly articles; I will stick to ones that expound to the theme of oppression to prevent myself from derailing the theme or my audience the chance of questioning my relevance. The links between the book, the theme in question, the reviews and scholarly articles capped with my earnest opinion about how the society perceives the matter will define the credibility of my essay. The main objective behind the essay is to show the audience that there exist unseen problems in the society; ones that happen as a norm and that there are solutions to them. This paper really matters to the society as it will give a guide on many other themes in the book and show the way to liberation from their miserable status quos. IntroductionOppression is the central theme in the book as it lays foundation to all other evils in the book. Sexism, gender discrimination, religious oppression and classism all lay allegiance to the theme. The major part of the book is a recollection of events from the protagonist; Offred. She is giving her take to her new audience after she luckily fled the dreaded city of Gilead. The language she uses; gives vivid picture to the grotesque status quo she was in. the authors base of emphasis also stresses on the key theme; oppression. Gilean is an imaginary authoritarian city that came into being when there was a significant drop in fertility scores and with them a drop of birthrates. The ruling class saw it relevant to come up with laws that would class people for the roles they were to do in that jurisdiction. Women were the main prey under the claws; they were to strictly bear children. No education or jobs were given to them as they would pose competition to men and divert them from their main role; reproduction. Margaret's description to them through the protagonist is; a set of ovaries encompassing a womb. They were barred from talking alcohol, caffeine or nicotine as it would reduce their fertility. The paradox is that it is women other female characters that take pleasure in oppressing other women either to please the regime or themselves. The society has also been oppressed as they have been classified and color coded. Different colors specified roles and authority to be used over the subject.Research methodQualitative literature analysis is the method I have employed in the whole research. The characters in the novel handmaid's tale are ones that I have used to extrapolate the theme of oppression. The settings in the book and the mood it presents made the book a choice as they all blended significantly to the theme in question. Carefully reading the novel was the first step. I had to be precise so as to note the stylistic devices used and their motive in either backing or refuting of the theme. My understanding of the book was enhanced by specific reviews of it that targeted the theme at hand. In order to relate the theme with the issues in the 21st century, I referenced the reviews and my own findings to scholarly articles that touch on the present issues. Watching the television series also clarified my view as it clearly depicted the situation as it was during the scripting of the book. The mood, setting and ambience set in the movie were a clear replica of the ones in the book. Apart from focusing on these only, I also touched on the other main theme to gauge if they are the ones that catalyzed the oppression or if oppression was the base that all other evils in the book were built on. That I did so as to cast away the shadow of biasness and portray issues as they were set to be by the author in a bid to convince my audience that the issues in the book were the exact semblance of the issues they faced.ResultsEven from the prologue of the book it was clear that oppression was the wind that sails of the evils in the book rode on. To be precise, it was gender oppression that lay founding to the utopian city and sexism that paved way for the ruling class. My own analysis revealed that oppression was so deep that the individuals and the society saw it as a norm and had no hope or motive to redeem them at all. The analysis put to record that there exist 2 measures of oppressions; systematic oppression and individual oppression. Systematic was one imposed by the regime; the formulated draconian laws and individual oppression was one that the individuals forced themselves to believe that what was being done to them was right and that they better contend with it or risk an immature end. From the commentary and remarks that the series got I noticed oppression was still the center stage in the present societies. In the book we saw the blacks and the Jews being treated differently from the rest of the ruling class; the whites. They even had names tags to refer to them; racial oppression. We see that the laws hugely disfavored them and they were given the crudest of all jobs and invoked the harshest form of punishments; death. Religion was seen as a catalyst to the broadening of them theme and not a savior to the situation; religious oppression. Color coding was done define authority, privileges and roles. Here I saw no form of rebellion to it and a society that was treated quite highly than the other always exploited the ones that were below it. This treatment and exploitation was toned down to individual level and done in the most sleek and dreadful ways; we notice that the characters mused at themselves for stamping their authorities over others. Depending on who was doing the oppression, why it was being done and where it was being done led to diversification and further classification of the evil; dictatorship, racism, sexism and sycophantism. Those were the exact settings that were portrayed in the televised series yet it spurred a lot of critics that it invoked bitter dissent in people. DiscussionIn this part I will be giving my evidence in support in the systematic then individual oppression format backed by speeches of the characters in the book and showing the page numbers. I will further give my own views about the cause and course of the speech and the motive behind it according to the setting and the situation the character was in. I will back my claim with a scholarly article then finalize this chapter with how the issues relate in our present society across the globe. Systematic oppression was prevalent to the book as it the law of gender classification and prescribed women to reproductive roles only. Women were raped and the whole thing enshrined in the law that formed ‘The ceremony'. This is the law that gave rise to handmaids (himberg-2018). Women are given no choice as the ‘Aunts' force them to commit themselves to the profaning doctrines or choose between that, death and the ‘unwomen'. We see the Offred justifying the act by saying â€Å"..nor does rape cover it; nothing is going o here that I haven't signed up for† (artwood-94). It is her justification and compliance that depicts individual oppression.The law that handmaids were only bear children with generals was another form of systematic oppression (haghi-2016). Twisted religious definitions also added weight on this saying that their God considered it a sin. The handmaids and ones that impregnated them would face automatic death penalties if found out. In this case we see Ofglen describe Janine's despondency she thinks its her fault..two in a row for being sinful† (artwood-215). This was after Janine had lost two of her babies. Janine is not happy with the situation but she justifies it. That statement reveals the height of individual oppression and that melted the people's willingness to stand for themselves.The laws Gilean were so ruthless to law breakers or even purported law breakers. We see a police force called ‘the Angels' that was basically an execution squad set to squash rebels; systematic oppression. A holy nun, aunt Lydia even works as spy in addition to being an administrator to the monastery that bred handmaids. A wall is even built to display the corpses of the rebels. In the heights of all we see the Offred justify the people hanged on the wall â€Å"have committed atrocities and must be made into examples, for the rest† (artwood-42).ConclusionThe above examples can be related to the scenarios prevalent in the present times. Back in 2014 we saw boko haram in Nigeria abduct 200 school girls and take them to militia camps so that they could sire a new generation of rebels. These are the same scenarios where gender discrimination breeds, we are aware of some primitive societies like the Maasai in Kenya that do not allow their girls to get education and they believe that their role is strictly to reproduce and take care of men (myers-2018). If we tone issues down we will see the need to dissect why Arab states dictate that women should never be their leaders leave alone drive cars. When names of heroin ladies like Rewiyya, Briska Bernard, Sayidat Zuhal get mentioned we see that women all over the world need saving as the vice has become a norm in the societies we live in (rea-2017). it his high time that people stop viewing these vices as norms and see the reasons behind the laws formulated or their adverse effects. ReferencesMargaret Artwood- 1985The Handmaid's TaleS Haghi-2016Suppressing Agency: transitive analysis of Margaret Artwood's The Handmaid's TaleJ Rea-2017Lessons from handmaid's taleJ Himberg-2018The lavender menace returns: reading gender and sexuality in the Handmaid's TaleN Myers-2018Hearing voices among the indigenous Maasai women in Tanzania: implications for global mental health